Русский ремесленник

In contrast to the taps and Weaving embroidery does not require special devices. For him it was enough fabric, thread and needles, which were available in every home. The meaning of embroidery is not only the very ornament on the canvas, but also in creating the wealth of its textured surface, shallow seams, embroidered patterns. To do this, there are many types of joints with special methods of their execution and patterned structure. Some sewed directly on the surface of cloth, while others require prior pulling his strings and create such a cross-cutting through the grid, which served as a kind of canvas for further embroidery.

In this way, "are intertwined" performed by the famous Vologda valances - the edge of bed sheets, decorating holiday bed. These wide and two meters long piece of cloth embroidered with amazing multi-figure compositions. In the continuous series of ornamental deployed images of fantastic beasts and birds, buildings with columns and balustrades, some of which walk the ladies in crinolines and gentlemen in wigs and vests in the fashion end of the XVIII century. The surface of each piece is filled with small geometric patterns, creating a rich game embroidered texture. Dense silhouette image contrasted with light-through background.
Most of the surviving embroideries dated XIX-XX centuries. But the ornament of their much older things on which it is executed. Embroidered items also played an important role in folk rites and preserved patterns across time. Among the Vologda embroidery patterns have all types of ornament: geometric, plant, plot, images of animals and birds. Among the oldest motives are many geometric designs and three-part composition with embroidered in the center of human figures and horses, riders or birds on the sides. They performed at the ends of towels, the edges of aprons, valances and tail of his shirt. Majestic and solemn, such compositions embroideries brought us the echoes of pagan mythology of the ancient Slavs. Scientists believe that the female figures, images of riders and the birds were symbols of nature and its subordinate elements fire, water and air. Embroideries of this circle is always filled with antique bilateral suture - the same face and reverse side - the red thread on linen. Their picture rosaries, images, geometrical, and imbued with a linear rhythm.
In different parts of the Vologda land have developed local varieties of sewing. Their originality was shown in the plots and character of the ornament, distinctive embroidery techniques and methods of its performance, the size of patterns, colors in general and even shades of red threads. In Velikoustyuzhskom county embroidered wedding shirinki decorated with a large geometric patterns. Nastlannye white linen thread on white cross-cutting grid motifs hooked crosses with complex spikes, perhaps once were symbols of fertility and carried with them the wish for happiness and prosperity.
Tracks with human figures and birds, especially typical embroidery from the area Charozera and Ustyuzhna. They are decorated mainly towels, patterned on the long ends of which are often combined with embroidery woven spacers, strips of red calico, woven and knitted lace. The embroidery of these localities are common images of birds, surfactants with a long tail, and especially the female figure. Located in the heart of a three-part scene or repeating in a row, in some works it is schematic and geometrized, instead of a head - a flower-socket, a raised-hand end in hooks, combs his fingers in other cases the image more precisely, his hands on his belt and his head is like a human . Sometimes these figures are kept in the hands of the birds. If Ustyuzhenskaya embroidery performed entirely by large bilateral seam stitches, then charozerskih in addition to the technique used is "set" with the characteristic vertical lines straight lines.
On the valance of the XIX century Sol'vychegodsk County leopards embroidered with raised paws and tail protsvetshim, interspersed with lush bushes. The image of leopard and ceremonial system tracks reminiscent of their origins in medieval art. But the masters performed by the pattern in the tradition of peasant embroidery of your neighborhood, characterized by a seam in the small cross with a granular texture of the surface relief.
Small and fractional patterned figures with more stringent cruciate-orthorhombic fills features embroidery of Totemsk County. It is often embroidered image of a bird with a magnificent peacock's tail. At one towel ornament plays the scene at the farm, where around Surfactants perambulate simple bird, and seemed surprised by clasping his hands are geometrical fellows. In the XIX - early XX century, such a "genre" is increasingly attracting the attention of craftsmen and found expression even in antiquity, are committed to arts as a peasant embroidery.
Today in the textile arts of the North there have been substantial changes. They are caused not only a new ideology and material conditions of life of people, the accelerated pace of life almost never left the free time necessary for women's painstaking needlework. Nevertheless, textile folk art continues to live. And if the most difficult of them - embroidery increasingly became a thing of the past, many types of fabrics and lace have found new forms of development dictated by the present.