Русский ремесленник

George Golikov with father The Bolshevik government finally came in the patriarchal Palekh. Bloody tribute artists paleshane carried to the fields of World War II. During these years, lost many talented craftsmen and students --- heirs of the founders of the First Gangs of unique art.
One thing to say about the two masters. It Pavel Bazhenov and slightly younger, the eldest son of Ivan Ivanovich Golikov - Georgy Ivanovich Golikov. If Bazhenov already killed a mature master, then George had just graduated from Palekh Art School and was designed to set 1939 in the frontier troops to the frontier Rava-Russian, now the territory of Poland. He died in the early hours of the war.

Work of students and the first independent, who left us Georgy Ivanovich Golikov, had already put him in the primary number of unique artists. It is perfectly absorbed and mastered the experience of his father. Easily, and accurately create original compositions. Well versed in the icons, and applied in practice in-depth knowledge of ancient Russian painting. His miniature letter to perfection, was close to the parent. Manifested his talent and in easel painting. George was going to continue training at the Academy of Arts. Colleagues and friends - no doubt a large and bright creative future of this man.

George Golikov Like the blooming flowers, the family continued to bestow Golikov Palekh art new shades. At the funeral at the tomb of Ivan Ivanovich among old and young companions stood, swallowing her tears, his younger old son Niko. In his hands he held a pencil and a sheet of paper. He looked wide-eyed at the fossilized Profile deceased father and did the last sketch with the genius of its parent. Behind stood Nikolasha Paul Bazhenov and also tried to fix the frozen features of the first and only their guardian and teacher.
Nicholas felt the hand on his shoulder lay Bazhenov and ulyshal his voice:
- And you, Kolya, turned out better than my picture.
Ahead of the family Golikov was a famine, the call to the front of Ivan and Nicholas. Three sisters stayed home to survive with his mother. Those years, according to eyewitnesses, were extremely difficult for this family.
Nikolas Golikov 1943 Nicholas to the beginning of the war had graduated with honors from FZU - factory school at a small foundry factory in 12 kilometers from Palekh. Every day he did this route in the morning and evening. He went there because of hunger, and in a factory school feeding. And boy was about to continue the biography of the proletariat, but the war broke out.
In 1942, the doors Podolsk Infantry School eagerly devoured the young "cannon fodder" recruits. Popal these millstones and Niko. In spring 1943 a military train was carrying him on the Orel-Kursk arc.
German tank machine gun bullet pierced through his chest Nicholas Golikova at Orel.
- Hopeless - stated the military doctors.
Golikov only came to the hospital beyond the Urals. The young body refused food and demanded only a dream.
- I do not die! - Decided for himself Nikolai.
- You are lucky boy - he heard and saw him leaning over a woman's face army doctor.
- Even a millimeter and a bullet could kill you the carotid artery. You will live!
Nikolas Golikov after WWII After recovery and terrible Elanskii war camps Golikov Nikolai was on the Karelian front in the carriage of heavy self-propelled guns as commander gunner. Heavy machine 60 tons. The same tank, only the tower did not rotate. Shootings, bombings, impassable northern bogs, covered with boulders and hills of corpses of soldiers, terrible scenes of fighting forever remain in the memory of the future famous artist.
Splinter bombs that exploded early in the morning in the cluster of Soviet tanks Nikolasha found near the border with Norway. It was evacuated by sea in Murmansk hospital and in the evening he was under the surgeon's knife, has not managed to remove a splinter from the ill-fated hip young soldier. At the hospital bed Golikov met the spring of 1945. By this time, he was awarded the Medal of Valor and the Order of Red Star. Then six more years of service in the Navy at the "chaser" in the cities of the Baltic. Here he began to study painting in earnest, fascinated by this and several colleagues.
In Palekh Nicholas returned in the spring of 1951. After seeing pictures, the commission adopted it immediately to the fourth year of Palekh Art School. Brilliant ability, daily practice and a great desire of creativity enabled him to become a student in the first cohort of young artists. Terse and rare praise from Ivan Petrovich Vakurov - a close associate of Ivan Ivanovich Golikov immediately noted the young man.
Thesis "The Song of the Merchant Kalashnikov" was an icebreaker, broken through the heavy and progressive stagnation of socialist realism, then Palekh Art. Then thundered "Faust" by Goethe - the first major creative work is already in the collective art workshops. She immediately took its rightful place in the museum's collection. In this work, Nikolai Ivanovich Golikov first in postwar art applied iconic mnogokleymovy reception songs.
Further and difficult search for a promising masters of fine under the Soviet regime, which dictated the themes and the manner of orthodox socialist vision, faced with incomprehension, envy some colleagues.
Nikolas Golikov Nicholas has had a tremendous support to the wise expert researcher of folk art - an experienced Moscow art critic Michael Porfirievich Sokolnikov, edited in time a unique book "The Lay of Igor" in the design of Ivan Ivanovich Golikov. With his active support was open house museum Golikov, in the place where the local party district committee had planned to build a parking lot. He immediately put a stop to all the undeserved reproaches of the communist leadership in fishing in the address of Nikolai Ivanovich, and noted that there was one more unique artists of Palekh, worthy of continuing and developing the traditions of old Russian painting and lacquer miniature. But, despite the opinion of authoritative art critic, the prosecution of Nicholas Golikova local Soviet administration and the Directorate together with the rule of Palekh branch of the Union of Artists of the RSFSR is not extinguished. His works are imbued with deep religious consciousness, an appeal to the original source - the icon, follow the traditions - all this does not fit into the image of the communist worker's art, which by rules of the officials and must comply with the representative of the socialist Palekh. The matter went to the direct threat of destruction from the mouth of the then Chairman of the Board of Palekh branch of the Union of Artists, the notorious Grigory Melnikov - holder of Stalin-Lenin order, as saying in the eyes of an artist, what would happen if Golikov not closely joins the ranks of fighters for the ideals of the revolution and communism.  Golikov, Deulin, Butorin in 50-s But it was impossible to frighten the soldier, the last ad front, who was walking arm in arm with death.
- I do not turn aside - was a response to the artist.
Team, the creative core of which in the sixties were former veterans, followed Nikolai Ivanovich. It should mention a few of their names: Alexey Zaitsev, Viatcheslav Zinovievich Rozhkov, Vladimir Deulina, Pavel Fedorovich Chalunin ... a little younger: Protasovitch Yuri Kozlov, Anatoly Khokhlov, Zachary A. Khokhlov, Valentin Petrovich Hills, Vitaly Mukhin, Yurii Vyugin, Zoya Pershin, Stanislav Butorin, Vyacheslav Morokin and others.
Each year, the creative wizard behind Golikov, listening to his advice and looking at his work, returning nearer to the ancient traditions of Palekh Art. Celebrity Palekha regained international horizons.
Nikolas Golikov with students In art school from all over the Soviet Union rushed rapid and numerous streams wishing to understand the secrets of the mysterious craft. While in school leadership prevailed and people visiting for Palekha complete strangers. It was a well-trained generation of party nomenclature. They have introduced a rule on the move: root Palekh take on opportunities as possible. Among 15-20 people, local residents had received 1-2, and then not one. Hidden reason was only one. Residents of the ancient village - the descendants of free peasant cultivators, of dynasties or the icon painters had an independent character, love of freedom, honesty. To power fed condescending attitude or simply ignored, for material things treated with indifference. Been a major religious consciousness.
Nikolas Golikov in his workroom It should be noted the name of the artist Michael Bonokina, followers of Tolstoy's teaching. In the first arrest, he was sentenced to 10 years in the camps. Returning, once again took up his brush and paint. Second detention was fatal - again ten years and no more news of him no one gets.
Few residents of Palekh tied closely akin to the roots. Many beautifully painted since childhood, as well as a medium of creative atmosphere was filled with every yard. The houses were kept icons, rare old books. The huts were decorated with complex patterned aprons, decorated porches. In the village of 60-ies the door locks did not know there were no fences and gates, except for air low-pitched front gardens. The boundaries of land holdings only protected the lungs perch.
Filmmakers in Golikov's workshop Late 60's - 70 - 80-ies of the 20 th century, despite the total control of the Communists, are marked in Palekh very high creative enthusiasm. The school began to come representatives of the third generation of the founders. This Tatyana Kotuhina (granddaughter AV Kotuhina); Golikov Yuri (grandson IIGolikov); Vakurova (Surkov) Tatyana (granddaughter IP Vakurova); Parilov Vadim (grandson NM Parilova ), Yuri Kuznetsov and Tatiana (brother and sister - the grandchildren Nicholas Alexandrovich Pravdina, other than an old and experienced Palekh portrait). Brilliant finishing school, this generation of young energy quickly plunged into the atmosphere of creative life of art workshops, led by irremovably remained Nikolai Ivanovich Golikov. Beside him work hand in hand and a faithful companion and helper - a talented Sofia Mikhailovna Vakurova-Golikov. She comes from the ancient iconographic type Vakurova and have a talented daughter of the famous icon painter and miniaturist, Mikhail Petrovich Vakurova (brother of IP Vakurova). Her work at art councils allocated unusually luminous, bright harmonious colors, bold beautiful solution, original composition, easily.
N.I. Golikov while working on lacquer panels Ruslan and Lyudmila. 1980's Brilliant creation of Nikolai Ivanovich adorns the Moscow Children's Musical Theater. N. Sats on Vernadsky Prospekt, executed them, along with his assistant - the son of Yuri Nikolaevich Golikov. This is a great lacquer panels "Ruslan and Ludmila." They created it to more than a year. This summit, to date, a monumental painting of Palekh. Next to this work is another jewel, no less valuable - a large lacquer plate "Mistress of Copper Mountain." And to the south of Russia, Gelendzhik, in a sanatorium Ivanovo weaving was created monumental large triptych "The Tale of Tsar Saltan", which showed a regular stunning masterpiece of Nicholas Golikov. The work he performed well with his son over a year. Efforts have been made Herculean. Sacrificed and health, and family, household chores.
Consider it my duty to tell about the fate of the son of the old artist from the village of Dyagilevo Nikolai Mikhailovich Zinoviev - Parmenov Nikolayevich. All the makings of his promise to grow into a good creative Palekh artist. In the midst of samodurnogo reign of Nikita Khrushchev left internal bond. This paper, which was worth nothing, obliged to buy and master brush. Parmen N. thrust stack of bonds in an envelope and sent them to the Kremlin in the name of Khrushchev proper male parting words. As a result, nocturnal arrest and seven years in the camps. He returned to the team man closed and mistrustful. He was only friendly with Nikolai Ivanovich Golikov. In a private conversation with him he admitted that more than anything else is afraid of night noise car engine. Imprisonment is also reflected in the works. The works were ordinary, though not devoid of ability.